Branching Statement (if ,If-else) in C-language

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Concept of Branching -if



If statement is very frequently used in decision making and allowing the flow of program execution. The condition part should not end with a semicolon, since the condition and statement should be put together as a dingle statement. 

Syntax

if(condition)
{     Statement;}

Example-Write a code using if statement show input number is positive or negative 

program-
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int number;
printf("Type a number ");
scanf("%d",&number);
if(number>0)
printf("Enter number is  positive ");
if (number<0)
printf("Enter number is negative ");
}
output-
Type a number 10
Enter number is  positive
--------------------------------
//for negative number 
Type a number -5
Enter number is negative
--------------------------------

Q.N. which of the following are incorrect statements ? if int a=10.

1) if(a==10)     printf("Include Help");
2) if(10==a)     printf("Include Help");
3) if(a=10)     printf("Include Help");
4) if(10=a)     printf("Include Help");

Answer- 4) if(10=a)     printf("Include Help");

Branching : If-else statement-

The else if statement in C is like another if condition, it's used in program when id statement having multiple decisions.

syntax

if(boolean_expression){
/*Statement(s) will execute if the boolean expression is true */
}
else {
/* statements(s) will execute if the boolean expression is false */

Example-Write a code using if-else statement show input number is positive or negative 

program-
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int number;
printf("Type a number ");
scanf("%d",&number);
if(number>0)
printf("Enter number is  positive ");
else 
printf("Enter number is negative ");
}
output-
Type a number 10
Enter number is  positive
--------------------------------
//for negative number 
Type a number -5
Enter number is negative
--------------------------------

Branching: multiway  Decision statement 

Nesting of if.......else statement 

When more than one if...else  are used know as nesting of if......else statement  

Syntax

if(test condition)
{ 
       if(test condition)
    {
            statement 1;
    }
    else 
    {
                statement 2;
     }
}
else 
{
    statement 3;
}

}

Example- write a program to find the grade of five subject marks. using nested if else statement

Program-


#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int per,m1,m2,m3,m4,m5;

printf("Enter the marks in five subject:");
scanf("%d %d %d %d %d",&m1,&m2,&m3,&m4,&m5);

per=(m1+m2+m3+m4+m5)/5;
if(per>=60)
printf("Frist division ");
else
{
if(per>=50)
  printf("Second division ");
else 
{
if(per>=40)
printf("Thrid division ");
else 
printf("Fail");
}
}

}
Output-
Enter the marks in five subject:65
85
92
64
68
Frist division
--------------------------------



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